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5th February 2010, 08:37 PM
Epidemiology of female gout: 52-Year follow-up of a prospective cohort.
Bhole V, de Vera M, Rahman MM, Krishnan E, Choi H.
Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Jan 21. [Epub ahead of print]
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20131266?dopt=Abstract)
OBJECTIVE:: Despite the recent doubling of the incidence of gout among women and substantial prevalence particularly in the aging female population, the risk factors for gout among women remain unknown. We evaluated purported risk factors for incident gout among women and compared them with men.
METHODS:: Using prospective data from the Framingham Heart Study, we examined over a 52-year period (1950-2002) the relation between purported risk factors and the incidence of gout in 2,476 women and 1,951 men.
RESULTS:: We documented 304 incident cases of gout, 104 among women. The incidence rates of gout for women per 1000 person-years from the serum uric acid levels of <5.0, 5.0-5.9, 6.0-6.9, 7.0-7.9 and >/=8.0 mg/dL were 0.8, 2.5, 4.2, 13.1, and 27.3, respectively (p for trend <0.0001). The magnitude of this association was lower than that among men (p for interaction, 0.0002). Multivariate relative risks for increasing age (per 5 years), obesity (body mass index >/=30 kg/m(2)), alcohol intake (>/=7 ounces of pure alcohol/week), hypertension, and diuretic use were 1.24, 2.74, 3.10, 1.82, and 2.39, respectively (all p-values <0.05) for women.
CONCLUSIONS:: These prospective data with long-term follow-up provide evidence that higher levels of serum uric acid increase the risk of gout in a graded manner among women, but the rate of increase is lower than that among men. Age, obesity, hypertension, alcohol consumption, and diuretic use were associated with the risk of incident gout among women.
Bhole V, de Vera M, Rahman MM, Krishnan E, Choi H.
Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Jan 21. [Epub ahead of print]
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20131266?dopt=Abstract)
OBJECTIVE:: Despite the recent doubling of the incidence of gout among women and substantial prevalence particularly in the aging female population, the risk factors for gout among women remain unknown. We evaluated purported risk factors for incident gout among women and compared them with men.
METHODS:: Using prospective data from the Framingham Heart Study, we examined over a 52-year period (1950-2002) the relation between purported risk factors and the incidence of gout in 2,476 women and 1,951 men.
RESULTS:: We documented 304 incident cases of gout, 104 among women. The incidence rates of gout for women per 1000 person-years from the serum uric acid levels of <5.0, 5.0-5.9, 6.0-6.9, 7.0-7.9 and >/=8.0 mg/dL were 0.8, 2.5, 4.2, 13.1, and 27.3, respectively (p for trend <0.0001). The magnitude of this association was lower than that among men (p for interaction, 0.0002). Multivariate relative risks for increasing age (per 5 years), obesity (body mass index >/=30 kg/m(2)), alcohol intake (>/=7 ounces of pure alcohol/week), hypertension, and diuretic use were 1.24, 2.74, 3.10, 1.82, and 2.39, respectively (all p-values <0.05) for women.
CONCLUSIONS:: These prospective data with long-term follow-up provide evidence that higher levels of serum uric acid increase the risk of gout in a graded manner among women, but the rate of increase is lower than that among men. Age, obesity, hypertension, alcohol consumption, and diuretic use were associated with the risk of incident gout among women.